under the U.S. Constitution of 1787
Donald J. Trump, the 45th and 47th president of the United States, served from 2017 to 2021 and was re-elected in 2024, marking one of the most dynamic eras in recent U.S. history. Originally a real estate developer and media personality, Trump entered politics as an outsider, vowing to “drain the swamp” and prioritize American interests. His focus on economic growth, conservative judicial appointments, deregulation, and “America First” foreign policy earned him a strong following, particularly among those seeking a leader who could disrupt Washington’s status quo.
Early Life and Business Career
Born on June 14, 1946, in Queens, New York, Donald John Trump was raised in a real estate family. After studying at the Wharton School, he joined his father’s business, expanding the Trump brand across New York and beyond with luxury properties, casinos, and resorts. His business success and charisma ultimately led him to host the hit reality show The Apprentice, where his iconic catchphrase “You’re fired” became widely recognized. His bold public image as a strong deal-maker helped lay the foundation for his later political career.
Political Rise and 2016 Campaign
Trump launched his 2016 presidential campaign on a populist and nationalist platform, pledging to prioritize American workers and tackle illegal immigration. His slogan, “Make America Great Again,” resonated with Americans disillusioned by globalism and political elites. He won the Republican nomination and defeated Hillary Clinton, largely due to support from working-class voters and those frustrated with the establishment. His victory was a political upset that reshaped the Republican Party.
Presidential Achievements: Economy, Judiciary, and Foreign Policy
As president, Trump prioritized economic growth through the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, cutting the corporate tax rate and spurring job growth. Before the COVID-19 pandemic, the U.S. saw record-low unemployment across various demographics. His administration also achieved significant deregulation, particularly in the energy sector, turning the U.S. into a net energy exporter.
Trump's judicial legacy included appointing three Supreme Court justices, solidifying a conservative majority that would impact decisions on constitutional rights and individual liberties. In foreign policy, his “America First” approach saw the renegotiation of NAFTA as the USMCA and a tough stance on China. He also brokered the Abraham Accords, normalizing relations between Israel and several Arab nations.
COVID-19 Pandemic and the 2024 Campaign
The COVID-19 pandemic was a defining moment for Trump’s first term. While the administration faced criticism, Trump expedited vaccine development through Operation Warp Speed, enabling rapid vaccine deployment. His efforts to balance economic reopening with health measures became central to his policy approach.
Trump’s 2024 re-election campaign focused on revitalizing his “America First” policies, aiming to restore economic stability, reinforce national security, and address immigration. His victory marked a historic return to the White House, underscoring his influence within the Republican Party and among American voters.
Legacy and Continuing Impact
Donald Trump’s presidency and subsequent return to office have cemented his role as a transformative figure in American politics. His commitment to economic growth, conservative principles, and nontraditional governance reshaped the Republican Party, expanding its appeal to working-class and rural voters. A champion for many who felt sidelined, Trump’s legacy reflects a bold stance on American interests, individual liberties, and challenging established political norms—a vision that resonates with millions of Americans.
Melanija Knavs Trump
First Lady
2017-2021 and 2025 to 2029
Melanija Knavs Trump, known internationally as Melania Trump, was born on April 26, 1970, in Novo Mesto, Slovenia, then part of Yugoslavia. She grew up in a modest household in the small town of Sevnica, where her father, Viktor Knavs, worked as a car dealer, and her mother, Amalija, was employed in a textile factory. Melania began modeling as a teenager and, after moving to Milan and Paris to pursue her career, eventually settled in New York City in 1996, where she signed with a modeling agency and worked with prominent fashion photographers.
Melania met businessman Donald Trump at a New York fashion event in 1998, and the two married in 2005 at a ceremony in Palm Beach, Florida. They welcomed their son, Barron William Trump, in 2006. Melania became a U.S. citizen that same year.
In 2017, Melania assumed the role of First Lady of the United States following Donald Trump's election as the 45th President. As First Lady, she focused on her “Be Best” initiative, promoting children's well-being, social media kindness, and awareness of opioid abuse. Known for her reserved public persona and distinct fashion sense, Melania became the second First Lady born outside the United States, following Louisa Adams, the wife of President John Quincy Adams.
Since leaving the White House, Melania Trump has kept a low public profile, continuing to focus on her family and charitable activities.
For students and teachers of U.S. history, this video features Stanley and Christopher Klos presenting America's Four United Republics Curriculum at the University of Pennsylvania's Wharton School. Filmed in December 2015, this video is an informal recording by an audience member capturing a presentation attended by approximately 200 students, professors, and guests. To explore the full curriculum, [download it here].
September 5, 1774 | October 22, 1774 | |
October 22, 1774 | October 26, 1774 | |
May 20, 1775 | May 24, 1775 | |
May 25, 1775 | July 1, 1776 |
July 2, 1776 to February 28, 1781
July 2, 1776 | October 29, 1777 | |
November 1, 1777 | December 9, 1778 | |
December 10, 1778 | September 28, 1779 | |
September 29, 1779 | February 28, 1781 |
March 1, 1781 to March 3, 1789
March 1, 1781 | July 6, 1781 | |
July 10, 1781 | Declined Office | |
July 10, 1781 | November 4, 1781 | |
November 5, 1781 | November 3, 1782 | |
November 4, 1782 | November 2, 1783 | |
November 3, 1783 | June 3, 1784 | |
November 30, 1784 | November 22, 1785 | |
November 23, 1785 | June 5, 1786 | |
June 6, 1786 | February 1, 1787 | |
February 2, 1787 | January 21, 1788 | |
January 22, 1788 | January 21, 1789 |
USCA | Session Dates | USCA Convene Date | President(s) |
First | 03-01-1781 to 11-04-1781* | 03-02-1781 | |
Second | 11-05-1781 to 11-03-1782 | 11-05-1781 | |
Third | 11-04-1782 to 11-02-1783 | 11-04-1782 | |
Fourth | 11-03-1783 to 10-31-1784 | 11-03-1783 | |
Fifth | 11-01-1784 to 11-06-1785 | 11-29-1784 | |
Sixth | 11-07-1785 to 11-05-1786 | 11-23-1785 | |
Seventh | 11-06-1786 to 11-04-1787 | 02-02-1787 | |
Eighth | 11-05-1787 to 11-02-1788 | 01-21-1788 | |
Ninth | 11-03-1788 to 03-03-1789** | None | None |
United Colonies Continental Congress | President | 18th Century Term | Age |
Elizabeth "Betty" Harrison Randolph (1745-1783) | 09/05/74 – 10/22/74 | 29 | |
Mary Williams Middleton (1741- 1761) Deceased | Henry Middleton | 10/22–26/74 | n/a |
Elizabeth "Betty" Harrison Randolph (1745–1783) | 05/20/ 75 - 05/24/75 | 30 | |
Dorothy Quincy Hancock Scott (1747-1830) | 05/25/75 – 07/01/76 | 28 | |
United States Continental Congress | President | Term | Age |
Dorothy Quincy Hancock Scott (1747-1830) | 07/02/76 – 10/29/77 | 29 | |
Eleanor Ball Laurens (1731- 1770) Deceased | Henry Laurens | 11/01/77 – 12/09/78 | n/a |
Sarah Livingston Jay (1756-1802) | 12/ 10/78 – 09/28/78 | 21 | |
Martha Huntington (1738/39–1794) | 09/29/79 – 02/28/81 | 41 | |
United States in Congress Assembled | President | Term | Age |
Martha Huntington (1738/39–1794) | 03/01/81 – 07/06/81 | 42 | |
Sarah Armitage McKean (1756-1820) | 07/10/81 – 11/04/81 | 25 | |
Jane Contee Hanson (1726-1812) | 11/05/81 - 11/03/82 | 55 | |
Hannah Stockton Boudinot (1736-1808) | 11/03/82 - 11/02/83 | 46 | |
Sarah Morris Mifflin (1747-1790) | 11/03/83 - 11/02/84 | 36 | |
Anne Gaskins Pinkard Lee (1738-1796) | 11/20/84 - 11/19/85 | 46 | |
Dorothy Quincy Hancock Scott (1747-1830) | 11/23/85 – 06/06/86 | 38 | |
Rebecca Call Gorham (1744-1812) | 06/06/86 - 02/01/87 | 42 | |
Phoebe Bayard St. Clair (1743-1818) | 02/02/87 - 01/21/88 | 43 | |
Christina Stuart Griffin (1751-1807) | 01/22/88 - 01/29/89 | 36 |
Philadelphia | Sept. 5, 1774 to Oct. 24, 1774 | |
Philadelphia | May 10, 1775 to Dec. 12, 1776 | |
Baltimore | Dec. 20, 1776 to Feb. 27, 1777 | |
Philadelphia | March 4, 1777 to Sept. 18, 1777 | |
Lancaster | September 27, 1777 | |
York | Sept. 30, 1777 to June 27, 1778 | |
Philadelphia | July 2, 1778 to June 21, 1783 | |
Princeton | June 30, 1783 to Nov. 4, 1783 | |
Annapolis | Nov. 26, 1783 to Aug. 19, 1784 | |
Trenton | Nov. 1, 1784 to Dec. 24, 1784 | |
New York City | Jan. 11, 1785 to Nov. 13, 1788 | |
New York City | October 6, 1788 to March 3,1789 | |
New York City | March 3,1789 to August 12, 1790 | |
Philadelphia | Dec. 6,1790 to May 14, 1800 | |
Washington DC | November 17,1800 to Present |
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Hosted by The New Orleans Jazz Museum and The Louisiana Historical Center
202-239-1774 | Office
Dr. Naomi and Stanley Yavneh Klos, Principals
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